Footnote 2 Longitudinal studies have found that a 10-year-old exposed to six or more risk factors is ten times more likely to be violent by age 18 as a child of the same age who is exposed to only one factor. Studies of multiple risk factors have found that risk factors have a cumulative effect – i.e., the more risk factors a youth is exposed to, the greater the likelihood that he or she will engage in delinquent or violent behavior. Furthermore, it is important to understand that risk factors do not, in and of themselves, determine drug use and abuse. Responding to these risky behaviors before they become problematic can be difficult. Research has also demonstrated that many of the same risk and protective factors apply to other behaviors such as youth violence, delinquency, school dropout, risky sexual behaviors, and teen pregnancy. Footnote 1 Risk factors include: negative peer associations, unrealistic beliefs about the prevalence of illicit drug consumption, inconsistent or abusive parenting, school exclusion, and feelings of low self worth. Research asserts that for individuals who begin using illicit substances at an early age, several risk factors may increase the likelihood of continued and problematic use in later ages, when substance-related crime becomes much more likely. Risk factors are those that make drug use more likely. Prevention programs often are designed to enhance 'protective factors' and to reduce 'risk factors.' Protective factors are those associated with reduced potential for drug use. 2.1 Evaluation of Drug Abuse Prevention ProgramsĬhapter 1 Risk and Protective Factors for Drug Use.Elements of Good Practice for Drug Prevention.

Risk and Protective Factors for Drug Use.Service Standards for Transfer Payment Programs.Memorial Grant Program for First Responders.Forced Labour in Canadian Supply Chains.Child Sexual Exploitation on the Internet.Preclearance in Canada and the United States.

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